John w



J. W. MARK.

Ventilator.

No. 230,952. Patented Aug. 10,1880.

INVENTORI 'ATTESTZ/ UNiTe STATES JOHN WV. MARK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

VENTILATOR.

- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters "Patent No. 230,952, datedAugust 10, 1880.

Application filed February 21, 1880.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN MARK, of the city,county, and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Ventilators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is chiefly applicable to sky and roof lights, its objectsbeing to afford a sutfieient admission of pure air to the room and toavoid the condensation which takes place in cold weather on the underside of sky or roof lights, and which, by gathering into drops andfalling down upon goods beneath, is a source of great annoyance to theoccupants of rooms so lighted.

It has been found that the admission of a small quantity of cold air tothe under side of the roof-light will effectually prevent thecondensation; and it has been attempted to effect this admission of airby locating an ordinary large ventilator in the center or at one side ofthe roof but this has produced an objectionable draft through the room,and has prevented the condensation upon only a limited area around it.

My invention provides a suitable ventilator for application toroof-lights and for other purposes; and it consists, first, of a tubewhose upper end is provided with air'openings and covered by a hoodwhich is transparent directly over the tube, so as to admit light intothe same; second,of a ventilator-tube the bottom of which is capable ofbeing set in a lens socket of a roof-light and the hood of which has alens-socket directly over the tube, which conforms in shape and size tothe bottom of the tube; and, third, in providing a roof-light with aseries of ventilators, each consisting of an air-tube whose top iscovered by a hood, they being set at intervals over its surface in thelens-sockets in place of lenses; and it also consists of certain detailsof construction, all of which will be fully hereinafter set forth.

In the-drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a rooflight providedwit-h ventilators of my invention. Fig. 2 is avertical mid-section of aventilator embodying all the features of my invention. Fig. 3 is a likesection of a modified form ofmy ventilator, which is shown as set in aroof-light, and Fi .4. is a plan of the latter construct-ion removedfrom the roof and partlyin horizontal section.

Let A designate a vertical tube forming the air shaft or duct ot' theventilator, and B a hood or cap mounted upon and partially inclosing theupper end of the same. At or near the junction of the tube and hood areformed one or more air openings or passages, a a, which may be formed byperforating the tube A, as shown in Fig. 2, or by elevating the hoodabove it on spurs I) I), as shown in Fig. 3, as desired.

The portion of the hood which is directly over the tube is formed oftransparent material, so as to admit light into the tube.

The hood may be made entirely of transparent material, if desired; but Iprefer to construct it in part of metal, and to form directly over thetube A a socketed aperture, (1, for the reception of a glass plate orlens, 0, which may be secured therein by cement, and which, when inplace, forms a part of the hood B.

In Fig. 2 I have shown a glass flange or rim, 0, surrounding the centerlens, 0.

To keep rainfrom spattering up under the h.ood,-as well as to somewhatobstruct or deflect the current of air, I provide a spatterflange,D,projecting from the tube A below the air-openings a, a and above thelower edge or skirt of the hood B, so that the latter incloses andprotects it.

In order that the amount of air which enters or escapes through theventilator may be controlled at will, I arrange the hood so that it maybe adjusted vertically above the tube, the adjustment being effectedfrom below.

This construction is shown in Fig. 2, the hood being hinged, and a cordand pulley being provided by which to raise it. In lieu of hinging thehood, vertical guides may be provided for it to slide on. The aperturesa a, through which the air may pass when the hood is seated, may bearranged in the hood or in a part of the tube carried by the hood, asshown.

If it is desired that all passage of air shall cease when the hood isseated the openings a a may be omitted.

The form of ventilator just described is well. adapted for ordinarypurposes of ventilation,

as well as for preventing sweating of rooflights; but when it is to beused for the latter purpose alone the air-adjusting device may beomitted, rendering the construction simpler and cheaper.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown such form of my ventilator, the hood beingfixed permanently to the top of the tube by screws 0 0.

Figs. 1 and 3 show my. ventilator as applied to a roof-light, Edesignating the iron frame or sash, and F F the glass lights or lensescomposing the same.

The bottom of the tube A is of the same conformation in plan as thelenses F F, so that by removing a lens the entilator may be set in itsplace, no special arrangement of the frame or sash being necessary. Ican thus readily apply my ventilators to roof lights that are alreadyconstructed and in place. The tube A is fixed in the opening in the sashby the use of suitable cement or in any other sufficient manner.

I form the socket in the hood to correspond with the lens-sockets in theframe E, so that when a lens, F, is removed to make room for theventilator it may be reset in the hood as the light C. The hood B shouldalso have the same general shape as the tube A, that the ventilators mayharmonize with the roof-light in which they are set.

By the use of my ventilators a uniform circulation of air is secured,pure air being admittcd into the room in several small and gentlestreams, causing no draft, and the coudensation of moisture upon theunder side of the roof-light is effectually prevented.

I make no broad claim to a ventilator composed in part of transparentmaterial, as I am aware that a box has been raised above the generallevel of a roof or area covered with glass panes or lights, and aventilating door or transom set in its side.

I claim as my invention 1. A ventilator consisting of a tube, A,provided with an air opening or openings at or near its top, incombination with a hood or cap, B, whose portion directly opposite theend of the tube is formed of transparent material, that it may admitlight into the tube, substantially as set forth.

2. A ventilator consisting of a vertical tube, A, provided with an airopening or openings, a, and with a projecting spatter-flange, D, incombination with a hood, B, mounted upon and inclosing the upper end ofsaid tube and extending below the said spatter-flange, substantially asset forth. I

3. A roof-light consisting of a frame, E, and lenses F F, provided witha series of ventilators arranged at intervals over its surface, eachventilator consisting of a tube, A, provided with air-openings andcovered by a partiallytransparent hood, B, which admits lightinto thetube, each being set in one of the lens-sockets in the-frame E in theplace of one of the lenses F F, whereby air is admitted through the roofin a series of divided currents, and light is admitted through theventilators as well as through the roof-lenses, substantially as setforth.

4. A ventilator consisting of a tube, A, whose lower end is adapted tobe set into a lens-socket in a roof-light, and a hood, B, covering theupper end of the tube and provided with a socketed aperture, d, arrangeddirectly over the said tube and adapted to receive a roof-light lens ofthe same conformation as the lower end of the tube A, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

5. A ventilator consisting of a vertical tube, A, and a hood, B,covering the upper end of the same, and capable of being liftedtherefrom, in combination with means for so lifting it from below,substantiallyas set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOHN WM. MARK.

Witnesses ARTHUR 0. FRASER, HENRY CONNETI.

